Scammers often pretend to be contacting you on behalf of the government. They might use a real name, like the FTC, Social Security Administration, IRS, Medicare, or make up a name that sounds official. Some pretend to be from a business you know, like a utility company, a tech company, a charity asking for donations, or even a bank. They use technology to change the phone number that appears on your caller ID. So, the name and number you see might not be real.

• Scammers say there is a PROBLEM or a PRIZE.

They might say you are in trouble with the government. Or you owe money. Or someone in your family had an emergency. Or that there is a virus on your computer. Some scammers say there is a problem with one of your accounts and that you need to verify some information. Others will lie and say you won money in a lottery or sweepstakes but have to pay a fee to get it.

• Scammers PRESSURE you to act immediately.

Scammers want you to act before you have time to think. If you are on the phone, they might tell you not to hang up so you cannot check out their story. They might threaten to arrest you, sue you, take away your driver’s or business license, or deport you. They might say your computer is about to be corrupted.

• Scammers tell you to PAY in a specific way.

They often insist that you can only pay by using cryptocurrency, wiring money through a company like MoneyGram or Western Union, using a payment app, or putting money on a gift card and then giving them the numbers on the back of the card. Some will send you a check (that will later turn out to be fake), then tell you to deposit it and send them money.

 Source: https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/how-avoid-scam